Hepatic Toxicity Induced by Sunitinib Malate: A Rare Case Report
Abstract
Introduction: Sunitinib malate, an oral multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is prescribed for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) following imatinib failure. While effective, Sunitinib is associated with various adverse effects, including rare but severe hepatic toxicity. This report discusses a case of acute liver injury attributed to Sunitinib, emphasizing the importance of monitoring liver function in patients undergoing this treatment.
Case Report: A 49-year-old male with GIST on Sunitinib therapy presented with progressive breathlessness, edema, and jaundice over several weeks. Despite normal vital signs, physical examination revealed pallor, jaundice, and pitting edema. Laboratory tests indicated liver dysfunction, and after excluding other causes, Sunitinib-induced acute liver injury was diagnosed. The patient received supportive care, including blood transfusions, and was subsequently discharged.
Conclusion: This case highlights the rare yet significant risk of acute liver injury associated with Sunitinib. Clinicians should monitor liver function vigilantly during Sunitinib therapy. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms of Sunitinib-induced hepatotoxicity and to enhance patient safety.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Dr Shiva Murthy Nanjundappa, Bhagath R, Dr Naveen M, Karthik V
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